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低体温低体温症 (Hypothermia ハイポサーミア)

低体温症（ていたいおんしょう、Hypothermia ハイポサーミア）とは、恒温動物の深部体温（中核体温）が、正常な生体活動の維持に必要な水準を下回ったときに生じる様々な症状の総称。ヒトでは、直腸温が35℃以下に低下した場合に低体温症と診断される。また、低体温症による死を凍死（とうし）と呼ぶ。低体温症の機序 / 恒温動物の体温は、恒常性（ホメオスタシス）により通常は外気温にかかわらず一定範囲内で保たれている。しかし、自律的な体温調節の限界を超えて寒冷環境に曝され続けたり、何らかの原因で体温保持能力が低下したりすると、恒常体温の下限を下回るレベルまで体温が低下し、身体機能にさまざまな支障を生じ多臓器不全にいたる。この状態が低体温症である。低体温症は必ずしも冬季や登山など極端な寒冷下でのみ起こるとは限らず、水泳用20-24℃のプール[7]、濡れた衣服による気化熱や屋外での泥酔状態といった条件次第では、夏場や日常的な市街地でも発生しうる。軽度であれば自律神経の働きにより自力で回復するが、重度の場合や自律神経の働きが損なわれている場合は、死に至る事もある症状である。これらは、生きている限り常に体内で発生している生化学的な各種反応が、温度変化により、通常通りに起こらない事に起因する。 (低体温症 – Wikipedia)

Hypothermia is reduced body temperature that happens when a body dissipates more heat than it absorbs. In humans, it is defined as a body core temperature below 35.0 °C (95.0 °F). Symptoms depend on the temperature. In mild hypothermia there is shivering and mental confusion. In moderate hypothermia shivering stops and confusion increases. In severe hypothermia, there may be paradoxical undressing, in which a person removes his or her clothing, as well as an increased risk of the heart stopping. Hypothermia has two main types of causes. It classically occurs from exposure to extreme cold. It may also occur from any condition that decreases heat production or increases heat loss. Commonly this includes alcohol intoxication but may also include low blood sugar, anorexia, and advanced age. Body temperature is usually maintained near a constant level of 36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F) through thermoregulation. Efforts to increase body temperature involve shivering, increased voluntary activity, and putting on warmer clothing. Hypothermia may be diagnosed based on either a person’s symptoms in the presence of risk factors or by measuring a person’s core temperature. The treatment of mild hypothermia involves warm drinks, warm clothing, and physical activity. In those with moderate hypothermia, heating blankets and warmed intravenous fluids are recommended. People with moderate or severe hypothermia should be moved gently. In severe hypothermia, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or cardiopulmonary bypass may be useful. In those without a pulse, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is indicated along with the above measures. Rewarming is typically continued until a person’s temperature is greater than 32 °C (90 °F). If there is no improvement at this point or the blood potassium level is greater than 12 mmol/liter at any time, resuscitation may be discontinued. Hypothermia is the cause of at least 1,500 deaths a year in the United States. It is more common in older people and males. One of the lowest documented body temperatures from which someone with accidental hypothermia has survived is 13.0 °C (55.4 °F) in a near-drowning of a 7-year-old girl in Sweden. Survival after more than six hours of CPR has been described. For those for whom ECMO or bypass is used, survival is around 50%. Deaths due to hypothermia have played an important role in many wars. The term is from Greek ὑπο, ypo, meaning “under”, and θερμία, thermía, meaning “heat”. The opposite of hypothermia is hyperthermia, an increased body temperature due to failed thermoregulation. (Hypothermia – Wikipedia)

体温と低体温症（Hypothermia）

体温と低体温症
Bbody temperature and Hypothermia

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低体温 低体温症 (Hypothermia ハイポサーミア)

体温 と 低体温症 （Hypothermia）

ハイポサーミアの検索結果: 2 件

低体温低体温症 (Hypothermia ハイポサーミア)

体温と低体温症（Hypothermia）